List of world's most polluted and cleaned cities

Here is given the list of world's most polluted and most cleaned cities. Pollution is a curse for mankind. it is threatening our lives and the whole environment. To live healthy we should be concerned about it. To save our planet pollution will be our main agenda to remove it. Because health is the root of all happiness.

                                  

.

The 10 most polluted cities in the world

1. Linfen, China 

Type of Pollution: Coal Source of Pollution:Industrial and Automotive Emissions Linfen, China is not only the most-polluted city in China, but also the world. It includes many coal mines. Although legal coal mines create a lot of pollution, it is the city’s illegal coal mines that do the most damage, since they do not follow anti-pollution regulations. The city’s air is constantly soiled with burning coal.

2. Tianying, China 

Type of Pollution: Lead and heavy metals Source of Pollution:Mining and Processing Tianying accounts for more than 50 percent of China’s total lead production. Because there are not many standards that regulate lead production in China, a lot of lead ends up in the city’s soil and water. Ultimately, the lead ends up in the bloodstream of children. Lead has been shown to decrease IQ in children.

3. Sukinda, India 

Type of Pollution: Hexavalent Chromium Source of Pollution:Chromite Mines Hexavalent Chromium is a carcinogenic type of steel used for leather tanning. In Sukinda, India, studies show that the drinking water includes more than double the international standard of Hexavalent Chromium. An Indian health group estimates that nearly 85 percent of deaths in mining areas are due to diseases that stem from chromium exposure.

4. Vapi, India 

Type of Pollution: Chemicals and metals Source of Pollution:Industrial estates Vapi, India might be higher on this list if it weren’t for its slow growth. The city’s groundwater has been found to contain mercury levels almost 100 times higher than the World Health Organization’s recommended amount. Heavy metals can be found in the city’s crops and air.

5. La Oroya, Peru 

Type of Pollution: Sulfur dioxide, lead, copper, zinc Source of Pollution:Metal mining and processing La Oroya, Peru has the dubious distinction of being a city where 99 percent of children’s lead blood levels that are higher than the acceptable limits. According to the World Health Organization, the lead level is three times the acceptable limit. The lead is likely to stay in the soil for centuries to come.

6. Dzerzhinsk, Russia 

Type of Pollution: Chemicals and toxic byproducts, such as sarin and vx gas Source of Pollution:Chemical Weapon Manufacturing The Guinness Book of World Records named Dzerzhinsk, Russia as the most chemically polluted city in the world. Nearly 300,000 tons of chemical waste was improperly dumped here between 1930 and 1998. The city’s death rate exceeds its birth rate by 260 percent.

7. Norilsk, Russia 

Type of Pollution: Air pollution such as particulates and sulfur dioxide Source of Pollution: Nickel and Metal Mining and Processing Norilsk is the location of the world’s largest heavy metal smelting plant. More than four million tons of dangerous chemicals are released into the city’s atmosphere every year. It is difficult to find even a single living tree within 30 miles of the city.

8. Chernobyl, Ukraine 

Type of Pollution: Radiation Source of Pollution:Nuclear meltdown When the Chernobyl nuclear plant melted down in 1986, it sent 100 times more radiation into the air than the nuclear bombs that were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki combined. The area is still contaminated and is expected to stay that way for thousands of years. The 20-mile area around Chernobyl remains uninhabitable.

9. Sumgayit, Azerbaijan 

Type of Pollution: Organic chemicals, heavy metals and oil Source of Pollution:Industrial and petrochemical complexes When the factories in Sumgayit, Azerbaijan were still operational, they released upwards of 12,000 tons of harmful emissions – like mercury – each year. Even though the majority of the factories have closed their doors, the pollution is still there. There is no work to speak of being done to clean up the area.

10. Kabwe, Zambia 

Type of Pollution: Cadmium and lead Source of Pollution:Lead processing and mining High levels of lead were first discovered in Kabwe, Zambia in 1902, but little has been done to protect citizens since the discovery. Zambian children average between five and ten times more lead concentration in their blood than what the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency allows. Approximately $40 million from the World Bank has been allocated to aid in a clean-up project in this area.

The top 10 cleanest cities in the world

1. Calgary, Canada 

Calgary, Canada is considered to be the world’s cleanest city. Even though there is a large oil and gas industry in the area, the city features a well-planned out, grid-like structure that reduces traffic congestion. It also features light rail transportation, and transfer stations that sort through garbage and take out biodegradable and recyclable materials.

2. Honolulu, U.S.A. 

Honolulu, Hawaii is the highest-ranking city in the United States found on this list. Honolulu has a light manufacturing industry. The American Public Transportation Associationhas highlighted Honolulu for its transit system, which includes dedicated bus lanes. By promoting bus travel, Honolulu has been able to reduce traffic and exhausts fumes.

3. Helsinki, Finland 

Although Helsinki is a fairly large city with more than 500,000 inhabitants, it has the feel of a much smaller city thanks to the fact that the light rail commuter system is so well used. Helsinki residents take pride in their city and do a lot on their own to make sure the city stays clean. The streets are wide, which makes them less prone to congestion and reduces fumes from cars.

4. Ottawa, Canada 

In addition to having a light rail system which reduces traffic, Ottawa also has other programs specifically designed to keep the city clean. For example, Ottowa sponsors a “Spring Cleaning the Capital” program each spring. Between April 15 and May 15 more than 60,000 volunteers come out to clean the city’s parks, roadways, green spaces, and sidewalks.

5. Minneapolis, U.S.A. 

Even though Minneapolis is the largest city in Minnesota, the city stays clean thanks to initiatives that have helped residents keep cleanliness a priority. One of the main things that has reduced the amount of the exhaust produced is the use of light rail systems. Additionally, the city promotes bike riding and has several bike riding lanes designated for bikers to use to commute to and from work.

6. Olso, Norway 

One of the reasons why Oslo is considered to be one of the cleanest cities in the world is because city developers have taken ingenuity and finding ways to be green. Starting in 2010, city officials will introduce buses that run on by the fuels taken from human waste. It is hoped that this initiative will ultimately provide enough energy for all of the city’s 400 buses.

7. Stockholm, Sweden 

In addition to Stockholm having a renowned transportation system that reduces traffic and diesel fuels, the city also has very little heavy industry. This means that much of the city’s economic growth stems from work done that does not harm the environment. Likewise, Stockholm has the largest percentage of clean vehicles in Europe. About 5 percent of all vehicles in Stockholm are hybrids.

8. Zurich, Switzerland 

Zurich, Switzerland is famous for its efficient and clean public transportation system. The city makes available trains, boats, buses, and streetcars. The variety of mass transit options helps reduce fuels released into the air.

9. Katsuyama, Japan 

Katsuyama, Japan is the smallest city included on this list, with a population of just less than 30,000. The city puts a lot of work into keeping the surroundings clean, because it relies on tourism for much of its income. The city sponsors several seasonal festivals which require cleanliness to be enjoyed; therefore the city’s businesses and government leaders put cleanliness high on the list of priorities.

10. Bern, Switzerland 

Bern, Switzerland is the second Swiss city on this list. The city relies on its beauty to promote tourism. Because of this, city officials create initiatives to keep the city clean and presentable so that tourists continue to visit be impressed by the city’s cleanliness and return to visit again.

Visual pollution

Visual pollution is also a type of environment pollution.

Visual Pollution

Photo Source

Visual pollution is what you would call anything unattractive or visualing damaging to the nearby landscape. This tends to be a highly subjective topic. Some examples of visual pollution:

• Skyscrapers that blocks a natural view
• Graffiti or carving on trees, rocks, or other natural landscapes
• Billboards, litter, abandoned homes, and junkyards could also be considered among three kinds of environmental pollution

Mostly, visual kinds of environmental pollution are annoying and ugly, although some may say they are also depressing, and they of course affect the surrounding landscape with the changes they cause.

When a man throws an empty cigarette package from an automobile, he is liable to a fine of $50. When a man throws a billboard across a view, he is richly rewarded. - Pat Brown

Light pollution

Light pollution is another kind of environment pollution.

Light Pollution

Light pollution is the brightening of the night sky inhibiting the visibility of stars and planets by the use of improper lighting of communities. Some examples of what causes light pollution:

• Street lamps that shine light in all directions, instead of with a hood to point light downward toward the street.
• Extra, unnecessary lights around the home
• Cities that run lights all night long

Light pollution uses more energy (by shining more light up instead of down, meaning you need brighter bulbs for the same amount of light), may affect human health and our sleep cycles, and most importantly, corrupts our kids telescopes and their curiosity. (I grew up in a city. My first no-light night in the country blew my mind. Let's not make that such a rare occasion!)

Land pollution

Land pollution is one kind of environment pollution.

Land Pollution

Photo Source

Land pollution is the degradation of the Earth's surface caused by a misuse of resources and improper disposal of waste. Some examples of land pollution include:

• Litter found on the side of the road
• Illegal dumping in natural habitats
• Oil spills that happen inland
• The use of pesticides and other farming chemicals
• Damage and debris caused from unsustainable mining and logging practices
• Radiation spills or nuclear accidents

Land pollution is responsible for damage done to natural habitat of animals, deforestation and damage done to natural resources, and the general ugly-ing up of our communities. (So stop being a litterbug, eh?)

Thermal and other pollution

Thermal Pollution

Thermal pollution is another kind of environment pollution. 

Thermal pollution is the increase of temperature caused by human activity. A few examples of this include:

• Warmer lake water from nearby manufacturing (using cool water to cool the plant and then pump it back into the lake)
• Included in thermal pollution should also be the increase in temperatures in areas with lots of concrete or vehicles, generally in cities

These kinds of environmental pollution can cause aquatic life to suffer or die due to the increased temperature, can cause discomfort to communities dealing with higher temperatures, and will affect plant-life in and around the area.
 

Sound pollution

                                                                 Sound pollution 

Sound pollution occurs when noise creates above our hearing limit it is called sound pollution or noise 



        



Sound pollution is harmful for our health specially for cardiac patient.
                             

water pollution

water pollution

             

Water pollution is the threat for lives and health of mankind and wild  animals.

Introduction

Pollution in the Lachine Canal, Canada

Water pollution is a major global problem which requires ongoing evaluation and revision of water resource policy at all levels (international down to individual aquifers and wells). It has been suggested that water pollution is the leading worldwide cause of deaths and diseases,^[1][2] and that it accounts for the deaths of more than 14,000 people daily.^[2] An estimated 580 people in India die of water pollution related illness every day.^[3] About 90 percent of the water in the cities of China is polluted.^[4] As of 2007, half a billion Chinese had no access to safe drinking water.^[5] In addition to the acute problems of water pollution in developing countries, developed countries also continue to struggle with pollution problems. For example, in the most recent national report on water quality in the United States, 44 percent of assessed stream miles, 64 percent of assessed lake acres, and 30 percent of assessed bays and estuarine square miles were classified as polluted.^[6] The head of China's national development agency said in 2007 that one quarter the length of China's seven main rivers were so poisoned the water harmed the skin.^[7]
Water is typically referred to as polluted when it is impaired by anthropogenic contaminants and either does not support a human use, such as drinking water, or undergoes a marked shift in its ability to support its constituent biotic communities, such as fish. Natural phenomena such as volcanoes, algae blooms, storms, and earthquakes also cause major changes in water quality and the ecological status of water.

Air pollution

Air pollution



                        


Air pollution is increasing worldwide day by day at alarming rate.


Unplanned industrialization is one of the main culprits for being air pollution. Air pollution is the introduction of harmful substances including particulates and biological molecules into Earth's atmosphere. It may cause diseases, allergies or death in humans; it may also cause harm to other living organisms such as animals and food crops, and may damage the natural or built environment.